“Designing a monolithic architecture is typically faster and less expensive in the short term, but the code is a single cohesive unit that shares resources and memory space. This structure can become harder to maintain as the system grows. Microservice architecture offers flexibility and scalability because each component is an independent application.”

“In simple terms, synchronous programming means the code is executed in a linear fashion. These programs cannot typically handle simultaneous operations. With asynchronous programming, there is an event loop. As a result, one program thread can handle multiple operations at the same time. Since JavaScript is often used in user interfaces, the ability to run multiple operations concurrently results in a better user experience.”

“When using class inheritance, instances inherit from classes. This creates hierarchical class taxonomies. On the other hand, with prototypal inheritance, instances inherit from other objects and they can be created from multiple objects. I prefer prototypal inheritance, because it is easier and more flexible.”

“Classical inheritance is almost never the right solution. On very rare occasions, it might be used for a single level, but generally, prototypal inheritance or composition provides far greater flexibility, code reuse and maintainability.”

“Functional programming permits the design of software through the use of pure functions. This method avoids programming issues such as shared state, side effects and mutable data. It is used as an alternative to object-oriented programming, in which the application state is typically collocated and shared with methods in objects.”

“While I have primarily worked with object-oriented programming, I am looking forward to developing functional programming skills. I have had trouble with object-oriented programming because different components are competing for the same resources.”

“One-way data flow occurs when the model is the single source of truth. React is an example of this. Alternatively, two-way data binding is a state in which user interface fields are dynamically linked with model data. When a field in the user interface changes, the model changes, too. Angular is an example of this.”

“Boolean terms are essential in determining how clients can interact with a webpage and what results they will get for different actions. Boolean terms indicate which values elicit different responses from the page. They also show other coders what logic I used to program the page, so that they can make appropriate adjustments. For example, the coding phrase 'if (age > 21)' could direct people over 21 to a restricted webpage while directing people under 21 to an error message."

“All programming languages have their various strengths and weaknesses. I have used many languages in the past and I look forward to learning new languages when they fit better than JavaScript to achieve company goals."

“When making an online pop-up announcement for a special limited-time sale, you might use a JavaScript timer to make the pop-up appear after, for example, 5 seconds of a user being on the page. This can avoid immediately annoying users.

Then, automatically close the pop-up after 15 seconds, so it doesn't just sit there forever, blocking content. The timer controls when something happens and how long it stays active.”

“Understanding the Existing Style:

First, I'd thoroughly review the existing documentation (comments, JSDoc, READMEs) to grasp its style, level of detail and any specific conventions used. Using JSDoc: I'd leverage JSDoc comments for functions, classes and complex variables, describing parameters, return values and overall purpose, following the established format.

Inline Comments for Logic: For complex or non-obvious code blocks, I'd add concise inline comments explaining the why behind the code, not just the what.

Updating, Not Just Adding: Crucially, I'd actively update existing documentation that is now inaccurate due to my changes, rather than just adding new comments.

Version Control Messages: My commit messages would clearly describe what was changed, why and any implications for the code's behavior.

Consistency Tools: If the project uses linters (like ESLint) with documentation rules or automatic documentation generators (like JSDoc), I'd ensure my changes conform and update any generated docs.”

“If I couldn't figure out why my code wasn't working, I'd approach it systematically. First, I'd check for obvious errors in the console and meticulously review any error messages, often searching them online if they're unfamiliar.

Next, I'd isolate the problem. This usually involves commenting out sections of recent code or simplifying the problem to its smallest reproducible unit.

Then, I'd jump into debugging tools. For front-end JavaScript, that's the browser's developer tools, where I can set breakpoints, step through the code line by line and inspect variable values at each stage. For Node.js, I'd use its built-in debugger.

I also rely heavily on strategic console.log() statements to trace execution flow and variable states. I'd then challenge my assumptions about the data and logic. Is the input what I expect? Is the condition evaluated correctly?

Finally, if I'm still stuck, I'd consult online resources like Stack Overflow or MDN Web Docs or even explain the problem out loud, which is often called rubber duck debugging. If all else fails, I'd prepare a clear summary of what I've tried and ask a more experienced colleague for a fresh perspective.”

“I have. It's a great way to practice core JavaScript concepts. My approach involves: HTML Setup: A display element and a button. JS References: Getting those elements with document.getElementById(). Count Variable: Initializing a let count = 0;. Event Listener: Adding a click event listener to the button. Update Logic: Incrementing count and updating the display's textContent inside the event handler.

I've also extended it with reset buttons or local storage for persistence, demonstrating foundational DOM manipulation and event handling.”

“A deferred script improves page load performance by allowing the browser to download the script in the background while it's still building the webpage. Crucially, it then executes the script only after the entire HTML document has been parsed and the DOM is ready, but before the DOMContentLoaded event. This prevents JavaScript from blocking the visual rendering of your page.”

“In JavaScript, I commonly encounter three main types of errors:

Syntax Errors: These are like grammatical mistakes in the code (e.g., missing parentheses, unmatched curly braces, typos in keywords). The code won't even execute.

Troubleshooting: My primary tools are the browser's developer console (which highlights the exact line) and my code editor's syntax highlighting and linting tools (like ESLint). I carefully check the indicated line and its surrounding code for structural errors.

Reference Errors: These occur when I try to use a variable or function that hasn't been declared or is out of scope. It means JavaScript can't find a reference to what I'm trying to use.

Troubleshooting: I check for typos in variable/function names, ensure variables are declared before use (e.g., const, let) and verify the variable's scope to make sure it's accessible where I'm trying to use it. console.log() is great for checking if a variable actually holds a value at a certain point.

Type Errors: These happen when an operation is performed on a value that is not of the expected type (e.g., trying to call a method on undefined or performing arithmetic on a string that isn't a number). A common one is "Cannot read property 'X' of undefined."

Troubleshooting: I use console.log() to check the data type of the variable before the error occurs (e.g., console.log(typeof myVariable, myVariable)). This helps me understand what the variable is, so I can ensure the operation is compatible with its type or handle cases where it might be null or undefined. Debugging tools with breakpoints are invaluable here to inspect the object's properties.”

“Yes, absolutely. This is a core part of building interactive and responsive user interfaces. I have experience writing JavaScript to dynamically update the UI based on user actions or system events. For instance, in an e-commerce application, I've implemented:

Real-time form validation: Where fields change color or display error messages immediately as the user types, indicating valid or invalid input. Loading states: Showing spinners or overlay messages when an asynchronous operation (like an API call) is in progress and then updating the UI with results or error messages.

Interactive filters: Changing the displayed product list dynamically as a user selects different filter options, providing immediate visual feedback. This involves listening for DOM events (like clicks, input changes), reading the current state of on-screen elements and then programmatically modifying their content, attributes or CSS styles to reflect the new state.”